Gambia

The Gambia [3] (officially the Republic of The Gambia), commonly known as Gambia, is a country in Western Africa. The Gambia is the smallest country on mainland Africa, bordered to the north, east, and south by Senegal, and has a small coast on the Atlantic Ocean in the west. Its borders roughly correspond to the path of the Gambia River, the nation's namesake, which flows through the country's center and empties into the Atlantic Ocean. Its size is almost 10,500 km² with an estimated population of 1,700,000. On 18 February 1965, Gambia was granted independence from the United Kingdom and joined The Commonwealth. Banjul is Gambia's capital, but the largest conurbation is Serrekunda.
The Gambia shares historical roots with many other west African nations in the slave trade, which was key to the establishment of a colony on the Gambia river, first by the Portuguese and later by the British. Since gaining independence in 1965, the Gambia has enjoyed relative stability, with the exception of a brief period of military rule in 1994. An agriculturally rich country, its economy is dominated by farming, fishing, and tourism. About a third of the population live below the international poverty line of US$1.25 a day.

Capital
Banjul 13°28′N 16°36′W / 13.467°N 16.6°W / 13.467; -16.6
Largest city
Serrekunda
Official languages
English
Demonym
Gambian
Government
Republic
-
President
Yahya A.J.J. Jammeh[1]
Independence
-
from the UK
February 18, 1965
-
Republic declared
April 24, 1970
Area
-
Total
10,380 km2 (164th)4,007 sq mi
-
Water (%)
11.5
Population
-
2007 United Nation estimate
1,700,000 (146th)
-
Density
153.5/km2 (74th)397.6/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2008 estimate
-
Total
$2.264 billion[2]
-
Per capita
$1,389[2]
GDP (nominal)
2008 estimate
-
Total
$808 million[2]
-
Per capita
$495[2]
Gini (1998)
50.2 (high)
HDI (2006)
▲ 0.471 (low) (160th)
Currency
Dalasi (GMD)
Time zone
GMT
Drives on the
right
Internet TLD
.gm
Calling code
220